Javascript CommonJS vs ES Modules

Apart from that,

You can't selectively load only the pieces you need with require but with import, you can selectively load only the pieces you need, which can save memory.

Loading is synchronous(step by step) for require on the other hand import can be asynchronous(without waiting for previous import) so it can perform a little better than require.

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.cjs (CommonJS):

• Explicitly marks a file as CommonJS, regardless of the package.json configuration.
• Useful when working with both module systems in the same project.

.mjs (ES Modules):

• Explicitly marks a file as an ES module, regardless of the package.json configuration.
• Avoids ambiguity when no package.json is present or when the file is standalone.

Study Middleware by piyush garg. He said middleware are like plugins